2024年春季学期《大学英语（一）》期末考试 一、阅读理解（每题10分，共2道小题，总分值20分） 1. Passage 1 The problems of the American cities--pollution, crime, transportation, a lack of planningare bad, bu
2024年春季学期《大学英语（一）》期末考试
一、阅读理解（每题10分，共2道小题，总分值20分）
1.
Passage 1
The problems of the American cities--pollution, crime, transportation, a lack of planning——are bad, but they were worse in the so-called “good old days”, according to Dr. Charles Adrian. He gives pollution from automobiles as one example. He agrees that it may be bad now, but he states that there was a lot of pollution from horses and other animals in American cities in the 19th century.
“Most cities had their own slaughterhouses (屠宰场) where cows and pigs were killed a century ago. They were careless about throwing out the remains of the animals and that sort of thing,” he said. “And no measure was taken for waste disposal.”
Some of the problems that bothered people living in the cities during that period are still with us——poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, police relations, and public transportation.
“Pollution was a very important problem for city governments in the last century, particularly with regard to water supplies,” Dr. Adrian said. “They had some idea that water could be polluted, but they didn’t know how.” Trying to get pure water was a big problem.”
“People like to talk about the good old days, but, actually, the cities of the 19th century were dirty. Communicable diseases like smallpox were great concerns. The infant death rate was high, and there were other dangers as well.”
（10分）
1.1. In Dr. Adrian’s opinion, today’s American cities are _________.（2分）
A
worse than the cities in the “good old days”
B
polluted by horses and other animals
C
C. more seriously polluted than in the “good old days”
D
D. better than the cities in the so-called “good old days”
2.2. Which of the following can describe Dr. Adrian’s attitude towards today’s cities?（2分）
A
Disappointed.
B
Worried
C
Pessimistic.
D
D. Optimistic.
3.3. In the last paragraph, “communicable diseases” refer to _______.（2分）
A
A. the diseases that cause people unable to communicate
B
B. the diseases that result in deafness
C
C. the diseases that spread from person to person
D
D.the diseases that result in blindness
4.4. According to the passage, what are the problems of the cities in the “good old days”?（2分）
A
A. A lack of waste disposal.
B
B.Poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, and public transportation.
C
C.Pollution and infectious diseases.
D
D. All of the above.
5.5. What is the passage mainly about?（2分）
A
A. The good old days.
B
B. Problems of today’s American cities.
C
C. Today’s cities are terrible places to live.
D
D. Cities were worse in the past than they are now.
2.
Passage 2
The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, school and health care for all these people?
A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.
Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.
China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.
Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.
Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.
（10分）
1.6. The world’s population could reach ____________.（2分）
A
A. 6 billion in 75 years
B
B. 11 billion in 2075
C
C. 11 billion by the end of this century
D
D. 600 million in 15 years
2.7. Which of the following is true?（2分）
A
A. The world’s birth rate is higher than ten years ago.
B
B. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.
C
C. Families are as large as before.
D
D. Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.
3.8. By the year 2000, the number of births and the number of deaths in China will _______.（2分）
A
A. be greatly different
B
B. drop a great deal
C
C. be equal
D
D. become much larger
4.9. According to the essay, China’s population control ________.（2分）
A
A. is not quite successful
B
B. should be considered a big success
C
C. is far from being successful
D
D. is a complete failure
5.10. It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes because___________.（2分）
A
A. more and more children will be born
B
B. the number of retired people will become ever larger
C
C. fewer and fewer children will be born
D
D. they will be making a lot of money
二、交际用语（每题2分，共10道小题，总分值20分）
1.
11. — Hello, this is David speaking. Is Michael there?
— ________________
（2分）
A
Hold on. I’ll get him.
B
B. No, he isn’t.
C
C. Yes, I am David.
D
D. Yes, what do you want?
2.
12. — Which one do you prefer, the window seat or the aisle seat?
—_____________
（2分）
A
I prefer a window seat.
B
B. I like neither.
C
C. Both will do.
D
D. I don’t know.
3.
13. — Mr. Smith, must we hand in our composition next Monday?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Yes, you will.
B
B. Yes, you must. It’s the deadline.
C
C. No, you mustn’t.
D
D. You can wait.
4.
14. — I think the movie is really exciting and touching.
—____________
（2分）
A
So am I.
B
B.So do I.
C
C. Neither do I.
D
D. The same to you.
5.
15. — Have you ever been to the Great Wall in Beijing?
—__________
（2分）
A
A.Yes, I am .
B
B. No, I don’t.
C
C. No, I’ve never been there.
D
D. Certainly, I went there.
6.
16. — You’ve won the basketball game. Congratulations!
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Oh, not really.
B
B. No one else could do it.
C
C. Thank you. We’re really lucky.
D
D. It’s good of you to say so.
7.
17. — Would you mind doing me a favor now?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.No, of course.
B
B. Yes, help yourself.
C
C. No, of course not.
D
D. Sure, go ahead.
8.
18. — Excuse me, Sir. Could you hold the suitcase for me?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.It’s a pleasure.
B
B. My pleasure.
C
C. I could.
D
D. With pleasure.
9.
19. — It’s really nice of you to give me a hand in time!
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Thank you.
B
B. No, no.
C
C. With pleasure.
D
D. It’s my pleasure.
10.
20. — How soon do you want to leave for the picnic?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Sooner or later.
B
B. Be Quick.
C
C. As I like.
D
D. In an hour.
三、单选题（每题2分，共15道小题，总分值30分）
1.21. I’m afraid I can’t finish the work____________ to help me.（2分）
A
A.unless you will come
B
B. unless you come
C
C. until you will come
D
D. until you shall come
2.22. We can go when the ground _______.（2分）
A
A.is drying
B
B. has dried
C
C. dried
D
D. dry
3.
23. “I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.”
“Oh, not at all. I_________ here only a few minutes.”
（2分）
A
A.have been
B
B. had been
C
C. was
D
D. will
4.24. Various programs__________ on TV. World news____________ best received.（2分）
A
A.will show, are
B
B. are shown, is
C
C. are showing, is
D
D. have shown, are
5.25. I can’t find my dictionary. I wonder whether Mary _____it now.（2分）
A
A.have
B
B. has
C
C. is having
D
D. had
6.26. By the end of 2020 China _____________ much stronger and richer.（2分）
A
A.will become
B
B. would become
C
C. is becoming
D
D. will have become
7.27. It _______________ years since I last saw you.（2分）
A
A.was
B
B. is
C
C. will be
D
D. has been
8.28. Tom ___________ his lessons from seven to eight last night.（2分）
A
A.was doing
B
B. had done
C
C. were taken
D
D. had been taken
9.29. He ______________ thin. What’s happened to him?（2分）
A
was getting
B
B. is getting
C
C. will getting
D
D. had been got
10.30. I __________ my homework now.（2分）
A
finish
B
B. finished
C
C. have finished
D
D. had finished
11.31. If you ________ quiet, I’ll tell you what happened.（2分）
A
be
B
are to be
C
are
D
D. will be
12.32. Middle school boys _____________ not to smoke.（2分）
A
always tell
B
B. are told always
C
C. are always told
D
D. is always told
13.33. He said that he________ to the United States.（2分）
A
had never been
B
B. had never gone
C
C. was never
D
D. has never been
14.34. This time last year I___________ my holiday in the countryside.（2分）
A
have
B
B. was having
C
C. am having
D
D. have had
15.
35. “Where is Mary?”
“She__________ to school.”
（2分）
A
will go
B
B. has been
C
C. has gone
D
D. went
四、完形填空（每题30分，共1道小题，总分值30分）
1.gths and weaknesses. Success or 36.___________ in your work would depend, to 37.___________ great extent, 38.___________ your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. 39.___________ the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 40.___________ begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is 41.___________ that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 42.___________ his belief that he is probably as capable 43.___________ doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 44.___________ it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. 45.___________ the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw 46.___________ hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize 47.___________ he strength and overcome the 48.___________ that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first 49.___________ stock of somewhere you stand now. 50.___________ we get further along in the book, we'll be 51.___________ in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 52.___________ skills. However, 53.___________ begin with, you should pause 54.___________ examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 55.___________ , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.（30分）
1.36.（1.5分）
A
improvement
B
B victory
C
failure
D
D. achievement
2.37.（1.5分）
A
a
B
the
C
some
D
D. certain
3.38.（1.5分）
A
in
B
on
C
of
D
D.to
4.39.（1.5分）
A
Out of
B
Of
C
To
D
D. Into
5.40.（1.5分）
A
who
B
what
C
how
D
D. which
6.41.（1.5分）
A
ensure
B
certain
C
sure
D
D. surely
7.42.（1.5分）
A
onto
B
on
C
off
D
D. in
8.43.（1.5分）
A
to
B
at
C
of
D
D. for
9.44.（1.5分）
A
near
B
on
C
by
D
D. at
10.45.（1.5分）
A
Have
B
Had
C
Having
D
D. Had been
11.46.（1.5分）
A
being
B
been
C
are
D
D. is
12.47.（1.5分）
A
except
B
but
C
for
D
D. on
13.48.（1.5分）
A
idea
B
weakness
C
strength
D
D. advantage
14.49.（1.5分）
A
make
B
take
C
do
D
D. give
15.50.（1.5分）
A
As
B
Till
C
Over
D
D. Out
16.51.（1.5分）
A
deal
B
dealt
C
be dealt
D
D. dealing
17.52.（1.5分）
A
learnt
B
learned
C
learning
D
D. learn
18.53.（1.5分）
A
around
B
to
C
from
D
D. beside
19.54.（1.5分）
A
to
B
onto
C
into
D
D. with
20.55.（1.5分）
A
intelligence
B
work
C
attitude
D
D. weakness
一、阅读理解（每题10分，共2道小题，总分值20分）
1.
Passage 1
The problems of the American cities--pollution, crime, transportation, a lack of planning——are bad, but they were worse in the so-called “good old days”, according to Dr. Charles Adrian. He gives pollution from automobiles as one example. He agrees that it may be bad now, but he states that there was a lot of pollution from horses and other animals in American cities in the 19th century.
“Most cities had their own slaughterhouses (屠宰场) where cows and pigs were killed a century ago. They were careless about throwing out the remains of the animals and that sort of thing,” he said. “And no measure was taken for waste disposal.”
Some of the problems that bothered people living in the cities during that period are still with us——poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, police relations, and public transportation.
“Pollution was a very important problem for city governments in the last century, particularly with regard to water supplies,” Dr. Adrian said. “They had some idea that water could be polluted, but they didn’t know how.” Trying to get pure water was a big problem.”
“People like to talk about the good old days, but, actually, the cities of the 19th century were dirty. Communicable diseases like smallpox were great concerns. The infant death rate was high, and there were other dangers as well.”
（10分）
1.1. In Dr. Adrian’s opinion, today’s American cities are _________.（2分）
A
worse than the cities in the “good old days”
B
polluted by horses and other animals
C
C. more seriously polluted than in the “good old days”
D
D. better than the cities in the so-called “good old days”
2.2. Which of the following can describe Dr. Adrian’s attitude towards today’s cities?（2分）
A
Disappointed.
B
Worried
C
Pessimistic.
D
D. Optimistic.
3.3. In the last paragraph, “communicable diseases” refer to _______.（2分）
A
A. the diseases that cause people unable to communicate
B
B. the diseases that result in deafness
C
C. the diseases that spread from person to person
D
D.the diseases that result in blindness
4.4. According to the passage, what are the problems of the cities in the “good old days”?（2分）
A
A. A lack of waste disposal.
B
B.Poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, and public transportation.
C
C.Pollution and infectious diseases.
D
D. All of the above.
5.5. What is the passage mainly about?（2分）
A
A. The good old days.
B
B. Problems of today’s American cities.
C
C. Today’s cities are terrible places to live.
D
D. Cities were worse in the past than they are now.
2.
Passage 2
The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, school and health care for all these people?
A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.
Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.
China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.
Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.
Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.
（10分）
1.6. The world’s population could reach ____________.（2分）
A
A. 6 billion in 75 years
B
B. 11 billion in 2075
C
C. 11 billion by the end of this century
D
D. 600 million in 15 years
2.7. Which of the following is true?（2分）
A
A. The world’s birth rate is higher than ten years ago.
B
B. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.
C
C. Families are as large as before.
D
D. Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.
3.8. By the year 2000, the number of births and the number of deaths in China will _______.（2分）
A
A. be greatly different
B
B. drop a great deal
C
C. be equal
D
D. become much larger
4.9. According to the essay, China’s population control ________.（2分）
A
A. is not quite successful
B
B. should be considered a big success
C
C. is far from being successful
D
D. is a complete failure
5.10. It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes because___________.（2分）
A
A. more and more children will be born
B
B. the number of retired people will become ever larger
C
C. fewer and fewer children will be born
D
D. they will be making a lot of money
二、交际用语（每题2分，共10道小题，总分值20分）
1.
11. — Hello, this is David speaking. Is Michael there?
— ________________
（2分）
A
Hold on. I’ll get him.
B
B. No, he isn’t.
C
C. Yes, I am David.
D
D. Yes, what do you want?
2.
12. — Which one do you prefer, the window seat or the aisle seat?
—_____________
（2分）
A
I prefer a window seat.
B
B. I like neither.
C
C. Both will do.
D
D. I don’t know.
3.
13. — Mr. Smith, must we hand in our composition next Monday?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Yes, you will.
B
B. Yes, you must. It’s the deadline.
C
C. No, you mustn’t.
D
D. You can wait.
4.
14. — I think the movie is really exciting and touching.
—____________
（2分）
A
So am I.
B
B.So do I.
C
C. Neither do I.
D
D. The same to you.
5.
15. — Have you ever been to the Great Wall in Beijing?
—__________
（2分）
A
A.Yes, I am .
B
B. No, I don’t.
C
C. No, I’ve never been there.
D
D. Certainly, I went there.
6.
16. — You’ve won the basketball game. Congratulations!
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Oh, not really.
B
B. No one else could do it.
C
C. Thank you. We’re really lucky.
D
D. It’s good of you to say so.
7.
17. — Would you mind doing me a favor now?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.No, of course.
B
B. Yes, help yourself.
C
C. No, of course not.
D
D. Sure, go ahead.
8.
18. — Excuse me, Sir. Could you hold the suitcase for me?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.It’s a pleasure.
B
B. My pleasure.
C
C. I could.
D
D. With pleasure.
9.
19. — It’s really nice of you to give me a hand in time!
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Thank you.
B
B. No, no.
C
C. With pleasure.
D
D. It’s my pleasure.
10.
20. — How soon do you want to leave for the picnic?
—____________
（2分）
A
A.Sooner or later.
B
B. Be Quick.
C
C. As I like.
D
D. In an hour.
三、单选题（每题2分，共15道小题，总分值30分）
1.21. I’m afraid I can’t finish the work____________ to help me.（2分）
A
A.unless you will come
B
B. unless you come
C
C. until you will come
D
D. until you shall come
2.22. We can go when the ground _______.（2分）
A
A.is drying
B
B. has dried
C
C. dried
D
D. dry
3.
23. “I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.”
“Oh, not at all. I_________ here only a few minutes.”
（2分）
A
A.have been
B
B. had been
C
C. was
D
D. will
4.24. Various programs__________ on TV. World news____________ best received.（2分）
A
A.will show, are
B
B. are shown, is
C
C. are showing, is
D
D. have shown, are
5.25. I can’t find my dictionary. I wonder whether Mary _____it now.（2分）
A
A.have
B
B. has
C
C. is having
D
D. had
6.26. By the end of 2020 China _____________ much stronger and richer.（2分）
A
A.will become
B
B. would become
C
C. is becoming
D
D. will have become
7.27. It _______________ years since I last saw you.（2分）
A
A.was
B
B. is
C
C. will be
D
D. has been
8.28. Tom ___________ his lessons from seven to eight last night.（2分）
A
A.was doing
B
B. had done
C
C. were taken
D
D. had been taken
9.29. He ______________ thin. What’s happened to him?（2分）
A
was getting
B
B. is getting
C
C. will getting
D
D. had been got
10.30. I __________ my homework now.（2分）
A
finish
B
B. finished
C
C. have finished
D
D. had finished
11.31. If you ________ quiet, I’ll tell you what happened.（2分）
A
be
B
are to be
C
are
D
D. will be
12.32. Middle school boys _____________ not to smoke.（2分）
A
always tell
B
B. are told always
C
C. are always told
D
D. is always told
13.33. He said that he________ to the United States.（2分）
A
had never been
B
B. had never gone
C
C. was never
D
D. has never been
14.34. This time last year I___________ my holiday in the countryside.（2分）
A
have
B
B. was having
C
C. am having
D
D. have had
15.
35. “Where is Mary?”
“She__________ to school.”
（2分）
A
will go
B
B. has been
C
C. has gone
D
D. went
四、完形填空（每题30分，共1道小题，总分值30分）
1.gths and weaknesses. Success or 36.___________ in your work would depend, to 37.___________ great extent, 38.___________ your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. 39.___________ the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 40.___________ begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is 41.___________ that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 42.___________ his belief that he is probably as capable 43.___________ doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 44.___________ it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. 45.___________ the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw 46.___________ hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize 47.___________ he strength and overcome the 48.___________ that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first 49.___________ stock of somewhere you stand now. 50.___________ we get further along in the book, we'll be 51.___________ in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 52.___________ skills. However, 53.___________ begin with, you should pause 54.___________ examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 55.___________ , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.（30分）
1.36.（1.5分）
A
improvement
B
B victory
C
failure
D
D. achievement
2.37.（1.5分）
A
a
B
the
C
some
D
D. certain
3.38.（1.5分）
A
in
B
on
C
of
D
D.to
4.39.（1.5分）
A
Out of
B
Of
C
To
D
D. Into
5.40.（1.5分）
A
who
B
what
C
how
D
D. which
6.41.（1.5分）
A
ensure
B
certain
C
sure
D
D. surely
7.42.（1.5分）
A
onto
B
on
C
off
D
D. in
8.43.（1.5分）
A
to
B
at
C
of
D
D. for
9.44.（1.5分）
A
near
B
on
C
by
D
D. at
10.45.（1.5分）
A
Have
B
Had
C
Having
D
D. Had been
11.46.（1.5分）
A
being
B
been
C
are
D
D. is
12.47.（1.5分）
A
except
B
but
C
for
D
D. on
13.48.（1.5分）
A
idea
B
weakness
C
strength
D
D. advantage
14.49.（1.5分）
A
make
B
take
C
do
D
D. give
15.50.（1.5分）
A
As
B
Till
C
Over
D
D. Out
16.51.（1.5分）
A
deal
B
dealt
C
be dealt
D
D. dealing
17.52.（1.5分）
A
learnt
B
learned
C
learning
D
D. learn
18.53.（1.5分）
A
around
B
to
C
from
D
D. beside
19.54.（1.5分）
A
to
B
onto
C
into
D
D. with
20.55.（1.5分）
A
intelligence
B
work
C
attitude
D
D. weakness
