福师《现代语言学》在线作业一-0005
试卷总分:100 得分:100
一、单选题 (共 25 道试题,共 50 分)
1.Linguists introduce the notion of ( )to categorise speech sounds that do or do not make phonological contrasts in conveying meanings.
A.perfomation
B.feature
C.distinctive feature
D.function
2.（）refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition (or complementary) to each other
A.Collocation
B.Reiteration
C.Lexical cohesion
D.Coherence
3.In the tree diagram ( ) is the point from which two or more lines descend.
A.Node
B.Initial node
C.Branching
D.Intermediate node
4.( ) is the first stressed syllable in the tone-unit.
A.pre-head
B.head
C.nuclear tail
D.nucleus
5.( ) refers to regional phonological or phonetic distinctions in speech.
A.Accent
B.Dialect
C.Sentence
D.Utterance
6.'The locutionary act ( ) refers to the act of saying something meaningful in a particular language
A.illocutionary act
B.locutionary act
C.perlocutionary act
7.The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be ( ) similar
A.phonetically
B.phonologically
C.sound
D.seem
8.( ) refers to regional phonological or phonetic distinctions in speech.
A.Accent
B.Dialect
C.Sentence
D.Utterance
9.Which of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics?
A.Phonetics
B.Phonology
C.Morphology
D.Dialectology
10.( ) refers to the speed of speech.
A.Loudness
B.Stress
C.Tempo
D.Tone
11.( ) refers to a variety of language which is appropriate for a particular situation
A.register
B.Style
C.genre
D.Form
12.'Language has （ ） that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals.
A.function
B.design features
C.importance
D.performance
13.Collocation (p.261) refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition (or complementary) to each other
A.Collocation
B.Reiteration
C.Lexical cohesion
D.Coherence
14.( ) is the science that studies sounds
A.Phonetics
B.Phonology
C.Morphology
D.Dialectology
15.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels.
A.Arbitrariness
B.Genetic-cultural transmission
C.Non-arbitrariness
D.Duality
16.( ) are a group of words and expressions that refer to the personal, temporal or spatial characteristics of the context within which a text is produced.
A.Nouns
B.Adjectives
C.Verbs
D.Deictics
17.( ) is the study of the meaning which is not included in semantics and whose interpretation is dependent on its social contexts.
A.Pragmatics
B.Phonology
C.Dialectology
D.Morphology
18.( ) is the science that studies how speech sounds are used in language to convey meanings.
A.Phonetics
B.Phonology
C.Morphology
D.Dialectology
19.( ) is the bit of spoken or written language that is produced and sent to the receiver in a specific context.
A.Word
B.Sentence
C.Utterance
D.Morpheme
20.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels.
A.Arbitrariness
B.Genetic-cultural transmission
C.Non-arbitrariness
D.Duality
21.( )the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflow for speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism.
A.Mouth
B.Heart
C.Nose
D.Lung
22.（ ） is treated as the basic unit of meaning.
A.Word
B.Sentence
C.Phoneme
D.Morpheme
23.A ( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another.
A.perfomation
B.feature
C.distinctive feature
D.function
24.（ ） studies the ways words are combined to form sentences in a language .</font>
A.Phonetics
B.Phonology
C.Morphology
D.Syntax
25.( ) morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaning of the word.
A.Functional
B.Lexical
C.Grammatical
D.Performative
二、判断题 (共 25 道试题,共 50 分)
26.Substitution refers to the replacement of one item by another in the text and is concerned with the way substitutions realise the grammatical cohesion in the text.
27.'The same conjunction may indicate different cohesive relation in different contexts.
28.Stress may play different functions in different languages.
29.Implicature refers to what a speaker implies, suggests, or means, as distinct from what is literally said.
30.The implementation of lexical insertion rules need to be subject to no restrictions.
31.Cohesionrefers to the linguistic property of units larger than the morpheme to bind together in construction, or the relations of meaning that exist within the text and that define it as a text.
32.Language is entirely arbitrary.
33.'Traditional notional grammar is a bottom-up approach,
34.Linguistic competence refers to the ability based on the acquisition of the system of language use, regarding all the components of communicative events, together with attitudes and beliefs about them, and which may enable the speaker to participate in
35.Langue is the language system that speakers of the language conform to in their verbal communication.
36.'The meaning of a sentence is a simple concatenation of individual lexical meanings of the words that form the sentence.
37.'Cataphoric reference refers to the reference where the presupposed occurs in the text after the word or expression that is presupposing.
38.Inflectional morpheme may be a free morpheme.
39.Constituents are only structurally related.
40.The same conjunction may indicate different cohesive relation in different contexts.
41.'Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order.
42.Different locutions may have the same perlocutionary effect.
43.Lingua franca was originally used in Mediterranean commerce in the Middle Ages.
44.In reality, two linguistic forms can be identical.
45.Sense is the meaning that lies in the relation or contrasts among linguistic forms themselves.
46.Consonants are sounds made by a closure or narrowing somewhere in the vocal tract.
47.Field theory suggests that lexical meanings are not exclusive and mutually independent.
48.'Compared to phonetics, phonology is more concerned with the organisation of speech sounds in relation to the conveyance of meaning.
49.Inflection means forming a new word by adding an element such as an affix.
50.Surface structure refers to the abstract syntactic representation of a sentence .
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